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80. Velká Skála (Big Rock) Natural Monument (PP) |
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Hill above the right-hand Vltava bank south of Bohnice housing estate,
above the K Pazderkám street. Cadastre: Troja - Prague 8: Area: 1.8046
ha. Elevation: 300 - 314 m. Established by the Ordinance of Prague Municipality
No. 5/1968 of April 29, 1968.
Geomorphologically significant point in the landscape with highly interesting
geological history, consisting of the firmest rocks of Prague area - lydites
(silicites) which had originated at the bottom of the Proterozoic sea.
The Velká Skála (Big Rock) is a lydite body about 500 m long and some
40 - 50 m broad cropping up on the surface from the sandy and loamy Pleistocene
sediments, partly covered with silty marlites of the Bílá Hora Cretaceous
formation in the northeast. The whole rocky ridge formed an island in the
Palaeozoic and Proterozoic seas and illustrates the geological development
of the whole area. The lydite body forms part of a powerful archipelago
of alternating phylliticized greywackes, siltstones and shales with the
prevailing greywackes of the Kralupy - Zbraslav group. Soft soils of protoranker
and ranker types, locally anthropogenically enriched.
Botanically poor, scattered fragments of natural communities can be found
on the top parts of the rock, represented e.g. by the heather and the hair-grass
(Deschampsia flexuosa).
The number of invertebrates preserved along the boundaries includes i.a.
also some more important beetle species of steppe character, such as Harpalus
rufipalpis and Amara lucida from the ground beetles, the wingless Trachyphloeus
spinimanus and Comasinus setiger of the snout beetles. The gastropods are
represented by the steppe species of Chondrula tridens. Due to a great
number of visitors the mammals include only some common species bound with
the site.
The rocky slope is sparsely covered with the planted austrian pine, the
false acacia and the larch.
No economic exploitation. Great number of visitors, use for recreation
purposes. It would be advisable to substantially reduce the wood and restore
the function of the look-out point.
Kubíková (1976), Kučera (1994).
The geomorphologically conspicuous lydite knob in the Velká Skála natural monument.
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